A Comparative Study for the Traffic Predictions in Smart Cities Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques: Survey

In recent years, the number of vehicles on the road has increased substantially, and as a result, traffic congestion has become a big issue. Future traffic prediction is one of the most effective techniques to reduce traffic congestion. It is undeniable that technology has a role in many aspects of our lives. Since Artificial Intelligence’s inception in the late 1970s, the discipline of traffic prediction research has progressed significantly. Its models have recently attracted the attention of researchers because of their strength and adaptability. Therefore, we enter the era of machine and deep learning as theoretical and technological developments emerge. Machine learning and deep learning gained popularity due to their enormous prediction capacity, which may be attributed to their complex and deep structure. Hence, this work proposes a literature review to address the problem of evaluating traffic road congestion prediction algorithms in terms of efficiency while considering the application field. Several relevant works will then be analysed and compared to each other.