Surgical Management of Epiretinal Membranes and Vitreomacular Traction

This chapter discusses the surgical management of epiretinal membranes (ERM) and vitreomacular traction (VMT), two disorders affecting the vitreoretinal interface. It explores anomalous posterior vitreous detachment, the background, causes, and classifications of ERM and VMT. The preoperative assessment and indications for treatment are discussed, considering both non-surgical and surgical approaches. Various surgical techniques, including staining, epiretinal membrane peeling, and intravitreal gas tamponade, are elucidated with emphasis on instrumentation and procedural nuances. The pros and cons of internal limiting membrane are also outlined. The outcomes, complications, and case scenarios provide insights into the management of ERM and VMT, highlighting key considerations and factors influencing surgical decisions.