Evaluation of the Physical and Performance Properties of Porous Polymers Depending on the Curing Mode

During the work, an analytical review was carried out, including the study of the harmful effects of ash and slag dumps and the experience of their use during disposal. The definition of geopolymers has been compiled, as well as the ways of their application in various construction industry areas. Coal generation waste provided by Severodvinsk CHPP-1 was studied for its chemical composition and content of natural radionuclides, and on the basis of this, a class of radiological hazard of materials was assigned. A composition for the synthesis of porous geopolymer materials has been developed, including aluminosilicate raw materials, an alkaline activator and a foaming agent. Coal generation waste was used as aluminosilicate raw material; alkaline activator—a mixture of caustic soda solution and liquid sodium glass; aluminium powder was used as a blowing agent. As a curing mode, low-temperature curing is used—at room temperature, in an oven, as well as microwave radiation in a microwave oven. The effect of temperature-time regimes on the final macrostructure and technical and operational properties of the synthesized porous geopolymers has been studied.