Exploring Human-Cyber-Physical Systems in Additive Manufacturing: Insights into Human-Machine Collaboration

The technology known as additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, has swiftly emerged as a revolutionary force that could transform the process of product design and manufacturing. This convergence of the physical and digital worlds has given rise to human-cyber-physical systems (HCPS) within additive manufacturing. HCPS involves seamless collaboration and interaction between humans, machines, and software, creating new possibilities for designing and producing products. Consequently, comprehending the intricacies of human-machine collaboration within HCPS becomes essential for unlocking the complete potential of additive manufacturing. Building upon our previous work, we aim to leverage our expertise in human-machine interaction to explore its application within the realm of additive manufacturing. This paper aims to investigate HCPS in Additive Manufacturing (AM) by providing valuable insights into the factors that contribute to effective collaboration between humans and machines. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and case studies, we intend to shed light on the challenges and opportunities in this field, as well as identify key areas for future research and development.