Uterine Cervix Cancer

Hypofractionation has a select and important role in the radiotherapeutic management of gynecological cancers, primarily in the use of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. Brachytherapy (in combination with external beam radiotherapy) is an integral component in the curative management of advanced cervical cancer. External beam radiation techniques (intensity-modulated radiotherapy or stereotactic body radiotherapy) alone are associated with poorer survival rates when utilized instead of brachytherapy [1, 2]. Intracavitary brachytherapy is the most common brachytherapy technique used for cervical cancer treatment, although interstitial or hybrid intracavitary/interstitial brachytherapy is typically used in more loco-regionally advanced cases. This chapter details the best practices for the use of hypofractionated radiotherapy, in particular brachytherapy, in cervical cancer treatment.