Microclimatology

Microclimatology investigates mean states and permanent repeated phenomena on the micrometeorological scale. These are small-scale circulation systems such as mountain and valley winds, land-sea wind circulations, and katabatic winds. These phenomena are the subjects of many textbooks. Therefore, the following section does not provide a comprehensive overview, but rather discusses some typical microclimatological phenomena. These phenomena are present under special weather situations and influence the small-scale climate in typical ways. Many of these local effects are described only in regional publications. The impressive wind system of the foehn is not described because it exists on the larger meteorological scale.