Perspective of Nanomaterials and Nanomedicine Procedures in Molecular Hydrogen Therapy

In parallel with the development of nanoscience, nanomedicine and its branches were established. Its remarkable development is evidenced by milestones, awarded several times with Nobel prizes. Milestones also include the renaissance of molecular hydrogen therapy from 2007, which uses H2 as an effective antioxidant in preventive and therapeutic applications. In this chapter, in connection with the developed targeted delivery of drugs, we are dedicated to its modification in the form of local generation and release of hydrogen from nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, nanorods etc. The results are already reported in Alzheimer's disease and cancer treatment, wound healing, etc. Hydrogen therapy requires support and service which includes safe solid state storage of hydrogen to avoid potential explosions, where, in addition to hydrides such as MgH2, functionalized nanomaterials from the carbon family—as graphene or carbon nanotubes are applied. Attention must also be paid to the leakage of hydrogen and its presence in the environment, where nanosensors based on metal oxides and especially graphene-based sensors are the promising solution. Considering the numerous clinical trials and studies, H2 therapy can today be situated at the rise part of the Gartner’s cycle heading for the production plateau.