Machine Learning for the Analysis of Human Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Literature Review

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is related to the imbalance of microbial community composition. A reduction in the diversity of the intestinal microbiota as well as specific taxonomic and functional shifts have been reported in inflammatory bowel diseases and may play a central role in the inflammatory process. The aim was to review recent developments in the structural and functional changes observed in the gastrointestinal microbiome in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and to survey the use of machine learning to discover the microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease. We start by highlighting the relationship between gut microbiome disorder with inflammatory bowel disease including different studies that confirmed this association, then, we provide an overview of the use of Machine Learning in analyzing the microbiome in inflammatory bowel diseases.