Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy

Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is a diagnostic tool to evaluate the dynamic upper airway of patients with sleep-disordered breathing. This procedure is usually a prerequisite for decision-making for a hypoglossal nerve stimulator device. During the procedure, the patient is sedated to mimic sleep, and the upper airway is assessed for obstruction. The information obtained is used to make decisions about further treatment options. The purpose of this chapter is to review pearls and pitfalls for drug-induced sleep endoscopy.