Pearls and Pitfalls in Endoscopic Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Mandibular Subcondylar Fracture

Mandibular subcondylar fracturesMandibular subcondylar fracturesendoscopic open reduction and internal fixation are fractures below the most inferior point of the sigmoid notch. There are various treatment approaches: (1) soft dietMandibular subcondylar fracturessoft diet, (2) closed reduction (CR) with maxillomandibular fixationMandibular subcondylar fracturesclosed reduction (CR) with maxillomandibular fixation (MMF), and/or (3) open reduction and internal fixationOpen reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Recently, several studies have shown the superiority of the ORIFMandibular subcondylar fracturesORIF approach compared to the closed treatment. On the other hand, the risk of facial nerve injury is high with the open approach; therefore, new minimally invasive proceduresMinimally invasive procedures are investigated and trialed. One of the most unique and well-studied approaches is the endoscopic approach for the subcondylar fracture. The purpose of this chapter is to review pearls and pitfalls in endoscopic ORIF of mandibular subcondylar fractures.