The Fears, Blocks, and Resistances to Compassion
摘要
Most psychological processes such as motives, emotions, and beliefs are subject to facilitators and inhibitors; things that make them more likely to be triggered, more intense, and long lasting; and things that make them less likely to be triggered, weakly activated, and fade quickly. This chapter looks at inhibitors in terms of people’s fears of compassion (e.g., trying and failing; being overwhelmed by pain), people’s blocks to compassion (e.g., lack of knowledge or opportunity), and resistance to compassion (e.g., too costly or undeserved). These are referred to collectively as FBRs. This chapter explores FBRs in the three flows of compassion: compassion to self, compassion to others, and openness to the compassion from others. Compassion FBRs play important roles in mental health problems, relational problems, and antisocial and immoral behavior. FBRs have multiple sources, one of which is a poor understanding that compassion depends on building the commitment, courage, and wisdom for compassion. This chapter reviews the growing research on FBRs and argues that if we only look at the facilitators we will miss the specific and complex biopsychosocial processes that inhibit compassion. Unaddressed inhibitors can make efforts in facilitating compassion ineffective. The chapter will briefly explore ways to address inhibitors.