Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (RED-S)

RED-S stands for relative energy deficiency in sport and refers to a condition that occurs when an athlete doesn’t consume enough energy (calories) to fuel their athletic and daily activities. This can lead to hormonal imbalances, decreased bone density, impaired immune function, and a decreased ability to train and perform. The energy deficiency is often caused by a combination of factors including a low calorie intake, an increased energy expenditure from training, and/or a combination of both. In some cases, RED-S can lead to disordered eating and eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and/or other specified feeding or eating disorders (OSFED). Therefore, it is important for athletes and sports teams to be aware of RED-S and its potential consequences and to take steps to prevent and treat the condition if it occurs.