Conclusion: Tourist Behavior in the New Normal and Its Implications on Sustainable Tourism Development: Emerging Realities, Tensions and Prospects

We live in a world of low mobility after the COVID-19 pandemic. Over decades, the theory of mobilities has discussed the necessary changes that passed the end of industrialism to a new era, the mobile culture or the expansion of the capitalist system. The theory of mobilities has been of paramount importance in helping us understand how transport and the explosion of travel have been accompanied by a new stage of capitalism where cultures and landscapes are commoditized and exchanged (Vannini, 2010; Sheller, 2014; Sheller & Urry, 2006). Notwithstanding this fact, the mobile culture reaches only a small portion of the global population in the Global South. The capitalist system, which kept some material inequalities above all among classes, has blurred the geopolitical national borders as never before (Korstanje, 2018). Some interesting studies have alerted us on the problem to globalize or making extensive to the so-called right to travel. At first glimpse, the tourism industry has witnessed the proliferation of risks which include natural disasters, political violence, and even terrorism. Raoul Bianchi argues convincingly that international tourism associates with the zenith of consumer capitalism. Anyway, the capitalist expansion has been accompanied by military interventions and surveillance tech applied to monitor undesired agents. This expansion is conducive to a climate of hostility against Western tourists which is channelized by terrorist groups (Bianchi, 2006). What is equally important, the turn of the century calls attention to the so-called right to travel as a liberalized discourse of capital exchange. In this respect, the right to travel should be seen as an invention of the neoliberal agenda. Although enshrined by the recent legislation to empower tourists as cosmopolitan citizens, some xenophobic expression directed strangers associated with travel restrictions (such as travel ban) has come to stay (Bianchi & Stephenson, 2014), of course without mentioning the recent COVID-19 pandemic that suspended the right to move freely for anyone (Bianchi et al., 2020).