Global Research Trends in Cyanobacteria: Bioproducts and Culture Collection

Cyanobacteria, a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms, have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their promising biotechnological potential and their pivotal role in global ecosystems. Cyanobacteria are proficient in converting solar energy into biomass, making them highly attractive for biofuel production. Several studies have demonstrated the viability of cyanobacteria as feedstock for bioethanol, biodiesel, and biohydrogen, paving the way for a more sustainable energy future. The rise of cyanobacterial research can be attributed to the increasing demands for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to traditional resources. In addition to biofuels, cyanobacteria have emerged as promising producers of various high-value bioproducts. These include pigments such as phycocyanin and carotenoids, which find applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, cyanobacteria have shown potential as sources of bioactive compounds, such as antimicrobial peptides and antioxidants, further enhancing their value in modern biotechnology. The global trend towards utilizing cyanobacteria as bioproduct factories is accompanied by an increased focus on establishing and expanding cyanobacteria culture collection banks. These banks serve as repositories of diverse cyanobacterial strains, ensuring their preservation, accessibility, and distribution to researchers worldwide. They play a crucial role in supporting fundamental research, bioprospecting endeavors, and biotechnological applications. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current global trends concerning cyanobacteria, with a particular focus on their bioproducts and the importance of cyanobacteria culture collection banks.