The Composition of the Façade Systems in Building Technology

The study examines the façade systems according to the constitutive and typological characters, as well as the functional and applicative requirements such as the expressive, constructive and interactive criteria towards the environmental, perceptive and energy conditions. The analysis considers the technological determination of lightweight prefabricated curtain-type external enclosures, according to the development of façade components, also considering “multi-material” relationships and specialized stratification. The thematic in-depth analysis focuses on the structural, connection and interface references related to the functional and application requirements articulated with respect to the main types of curtain walls. Subsequently, the examination focuses on the characters of morphological expression and interaction with the external environmental stresses such as thermal, luminous and aerial type, up to the procedures of constitutive, performance and expressive formulation of the closing elements. Specifically, the envelope systems are understood as instruments of mediation, interchange and “dynamic interaction” between environmental conditions, ergonomic and energy aspects. In this regard, the analysis observes the sustainable concept of “eco-efficient envelopes”, selective and multi-purpose “filters”, adaptable and adjustable according to the “environmental performance”. In addition, the envelope systems are addressed as “communicative” tools, characterized by the work of “dematerialization”, of “immaterial” and “virtual” transformation of the façade “communicative devices”.