Constrained Multi-Criteria Optimization of the Hydroelectric Power Plant Schedule for Participation in the Day-Ahead Market of Ukraine

The chapter is focused on solving the problem of rational use of hydro resources for electrical energy production to ensure electrical energy consumption schedules in the IPS of Ukraine. Said problem is caused by a lack of balancing resources in the conditions of an increase in the share of renewable sources in the structure of production capacities and has reached a critical level in the conditions of large-scale destruction of the energy infrastructure of the IPS of Ukraine in 2022. The relevance of the problem will not disappear even during the post-war reconstruction period. The main principles and approaches to solving the problem of forming a schedule of electrical energy supply from hydroelectric power plants (HPP) in the “day-ahead” market, taking into account the volumes of electrical energy already sold, are set forth. The main objectives of forming the optimal schedule for the supply of electrical energy from the HPP are determined. In particular, the target function of the daily optimization problem according to the profit maximization criterion is provided. The need for additional optimization based on non-price criteria is substantiated and the rules for determining the hours of the calculation day, for which such a need arises are formalized. The target function of the problem of additional non-price optimization is presented according to the criterion of equalizing the load schedules of the HPP generators for several adjacent hours of the day. A system of constraints of equalities and inequalities is formed. The system of constraints is based on the equations of control of hourly balances of hydro resources consumption for the calculation day and takes into account the requirements for the level of the water reservoir filling and the requirements for the volume of sanitary water flow along the river bed. In addition, the system of constraints defines technical and modal constraints on the loading of the HPP generators, taking into account the current state of the power plant equipment and the requirements of the IPS of Ukraine. The methodology of preparation of input data for solving the problem of optimization of hydro resources to form an hourly schedule of electrical energy supply for the “day-ahead” market bidding is provided. An example of solving the problem of optimizing the costs of hydro resources for the formation of an offer of electrical energy from the Kyiv HPP for bidding in the “day-ahead” market segment is provided.