Assessment of the Efficiency of Microgrid Operation Based on the Decomposition of Energy Processes

The chapter shows that an important component of the effective functioning of energy routers and the platform approach in Microgrid, in accordance with the requirements of the “Internet of Energy”, is the analysis of the components of electricity losses, the impact of various factors on their levels, as well as the formation of appropriate criteria for energy efficiency and partial impact of Microgrid elements (indicators for assessing the levels of electromagnetic compatibility). It is proposed to describe energy processes during the decomposition of reactive Frisee power with the separation of reactive and active current in controlled system sections. We consider the decomposition of QF power into components under the influence of various causes (factors) of additional power losses in Microgrid, systematized in the chapter, in particular, under different voltage and current spectrums, in single-phase and three-phase systems, for an arbitrary period of time. The analysis of the partial influence of signal components (voltage and/or current) due to various causes of additional power losses in the Microgrid section was carried out on the basis of the decomposition of instantaneous and integral characteristics into components. The use of Frieze power allowed us to take into account the processes of energy supply of Microgrid loads on AC and DC, the occurrence of transients, as well as the presence of energy storage systems (batteries) from a single point of view. Original correlations are presented that determine the influence of Microgrid parameters and elements on the efficiency of energy processes, including in the presence of a battery in the system. The criteria for optimization of energy processing when changing the direction of energy flows through a dedicated section (controlled section) of the Microgrid are formed, and the accuracy of measuring additional power losses in controlled sections of the system is assessed using the Frieze reactive power as the base.