Tracheal Malignancies

Primary tracheal tumors are rare, representing less than 0.2% of all respiratory malignancies. Tracheal tumors can be primary or secondary. The most common primary malignant tumors are squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Secondary tumors are either metastatic or a result of direct invasion. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for most benign and malignant lesions when possible. The goals of resection include a tension-free end-to-end anastomosis and preservation of adequate blood supply to the anastomosis and remaining trachea. Adjuvant radiation can be added for local control. Advanced disease can be treated with endoscopic stenting and ablative techniques to relieve airway obstruction.