Hiatal Hernias

Hiatal hernias are classified into four types depending on the location of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) relative to the diaphragm as well as the hernia contents. Many patients with hiatal hernias are asymptomatic, while others present with vague symptoms such as heartburn or epigastric pain. Surgical repair of hiatal hernias is indicated depending on associated symptoms or complications. There are several surgical approaches to repair but generally require reduction of hernia, resection of the hernia sac, crural repair, and fundoplication.