Effects of Sucrose Concentrations, Light Conditions, Initial Mass, and Yeast Extract on Biomass Proliferation and Saponin Accumulation of Panax vietnamensis Hairy Roots Cultures in Bioreactor

Panax vietnamensis is known as one of the most precious herbs in Vietnam. P. vietnamensis contains a high accumulation of saponin – a therapeutic compound in curing inflammatory disease, preventing fatal cancer, reducing physical stress, and treating antioxidation conditions. Scientists have put effort into producing P. vietnamensis on a large scale containing high saponin accumulation. This research was carried out in order to establish the kinetic eat of P. vietnamensis hairy root tissues and survey the effect of sucrose concentrations, light conditions, and initial mass on biomass and saponin accumulation (total saponin; M-R2, V-R2, G-Rb1) on bioreactor system 18 L. Results showed that 6% sucrose concentration, 200 lx light condition yield the highest weight gain coefficient in Panax vietnamensis hairy root tissues. Dark conditions could inhibit biomass growth, but total saponin of Panax vietnamensis culturing in dark conditions was produced higher than in light conditions. Meanwhile, 50 g initial mass was suitable for both biomass growth and saponin accumulation.