Development of a Novel Sonosensitizer for Sonodynamic Therapy

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a non-invasive treatment for various cancers. Because ultrasound was used to provide energy requirement for ROS, the main advantage of SDT over PDT (photodynamic therapy) is the much greater tissue depth than photodynamic therapy (PDT). The therapeutic mechanism of SDT combined with ultrasound and chemotherapeutic drugs (sonosensitizers) is a promising alternative to eradicate tumors. In this study, we synthesized a new generation of photosensitizer 3,7-bis(di(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-phenothiazin-5-ium iodide (MB-N) and developed its possibility to be a sonosensitizers with characterizing the best ROS generation by spectroscopic analysis. The methylene blue (MB) was used to explore the efficiency difference between PDT and SDT induced by photosensitizer and sonosensitizer, as a basis for studying other sonosensitizers.