Introduction

Nanomaterials comprise the study of chemical materials or substances within the nanoscale, i.e. in the range of 1–100 nm. At this nanoscale, materials show inimitable properties based on their quantum phenomena (electron tunnelling, near field-optical methods, electron confinement ballistic transport, and quantum entanglement) or on the basis of subdomains (superparamagnetism and overlapping of double layers in the fluids).