The Near-Miss Bias

Near-miss events are a topic of increasing interest, motivated by a growing body of literature showing that these events are often not perceived as a sign of warning, but may lead to unwarranted increases in risk taking behavior in similar future situations. However, still fairly little is known about the bias and its behavioral underpinnings. What defines a near-miss event and how does it influence risk taking behavior? What triggers the near-miss bias, and under which conditions does it manifest itself? And what kind of decision support can be provided to counteract the bias?