The Improvement of Fuel Efficiency and Environmental Characteristics of Diesel Engine by Using Biodiesel Fuels

The chapter is devoted to improving the fuel efficiency and environmental performance of diesel engines using biodiesel fuels, which is one of the effective ways to reduce exhaust gas toxicity, improve fuel efficiency and energy performance. This is achieved by ensuring the required physical and chemical properties of the used biodiesel blends, i.e., by adapting biodiesel fuels to diesel engines in operation. Experimental bench studies of the VAG ASV 1.9 Tdi engine were carried out when running on standard and mixed biodiesel fuels with different methyl esters of rapeseed oil additives. Calculated studies of the effect of methyl esters of rapeseed oil additives additives to diesel fuel on the environmental and fuel and economic performance of the car were carried out. Comparative tests of the Škoda Octavia 1.9 Tdi car with the VAG ASV 1.9 Tdi diesel engine on a simulation roller stand were carried out when running on regular and mixed biodiesel fuels. According to the results of the research, it was found that the total mass emissions reduced to carbon monoxide in the modified European driving cycle when running on two-component biodiesel fuel increase by 0.68%, and when running on three-component fuel – decrese by 8.22% compared to the same indicator when the engine runs on regular diesel fuel.