The Study of Intermolecular Interactions in Bio-Jet Fuel and Substantiation of Its Influence on Fuel Properties

The chapter is devoted to theoretical and experimental research of intermolecular processes, which take place in bio-jet fuels composed of conventional jet fuels and plant oil derived bio-additives. Modern tendencies in alternative aviation fuels production and use are shown as well as a brief review of popular renewable feedstock of its production. Within the study the bio-additives based on rapeseed oil, camelina oil, palm kernel oil, and coconut oil esters were analyzed. The regularities of the influence of the bio-additives obtained from different plant oils on the physical–chemical properties of conventional jet fuel were found and formulated. It was shown that in bio- additives based on plant oils the forces of dispersion interaction between ester molecules prevail and determine its properties as well as properties of bio-jet fuels. It was that increasing of molecules size of fatty acids esters leads to the rise of polarization ability and energy of dispersion interaction. During blending of conventional jet fuel with bio-additives the energy of the system decreases by 31–69.3 kJ/mol as the proportion of esters in the hydrocarbon fuel—fatty acid esters system increases. Reduction of the total energy in the system has a direct influence on the physical–chemical properties of bio-jet fuels blended with fatty acids esters. Experimental study of physical–chemical properties of bio-jet fuel samples have proved theoretical developments about the intermolecular interactions between hydrocarbons of conventional jet fuels and fatty acid esters of bio-additives.