Grid-Shell Multi-step Structural Optimization with Improved Multi-body Rope Approach and Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm

Grid-shell structures are popular in roofing for their aesthetic appeal and structural advantages, enabling the construction of lightweight, large roofs using slender elements. However, their widespread use is limited by the complexities involved in their construction. This paper presents an innovative solution to address the challenges associated with grid-shell construction. The proposed approach combines the enhanced Multibody Rope Approach (i-MRA) form-finding method with metaheuristic optimization algorithms to identify optimal design solutions from both structural and constructional perspectives. To facilitate practical implementation, a parametric code was developed using MATLAB, which was later converted to C# for integration with the parametric design software “Grasshopper”. A multi-objective optimization problem was formulated to minimize the use of different structural elements, reduce material consumption, account for production waste, and ensure compliance with structural verification requirements. The optimization process yielded a Pareto front solution that enables the conceptual design of grid-shell structures. This approach provides an efficient and innovative solution to the complex construction of grid-shell structures, which could potentially pave the way for their widespread use in the future.