In this chapter, an overview of the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs will be provided in the context athletic performance. Specifically, how these analogues are used and the potential performance benefits and ability to improve exercise-induced recovery and accelerate injury that could arise from their use. The consensus from the scientific literature is very mixed regarding the possible benefits of such drugs. Worryingly, the very high prevalence of use in athletic populations does not seem to be warranted when the possible benefits are weighed against the issues relating to longer-term adaptation and the possible side-effects. Importantly, education on this topic should be prioritised with athletes and science and medicine teams to provide informed and evidence-based interventions.