Environmental Treatment: The Drainage of Marine Fish Farms by Cultivating Mangroves in Coastal Sedimentation Ponds

The drainage water of onshore fish farms contains solid residues resulting from uneaten remnant feeds and fish feces that accumulated on the bottom. These could cause the emergence of new environments to increase the algae biomass and plankton and low oxygen level. The drainage unit consists of sedimentation ponds to remove the harmful elements and water turbidity and total suspended solids. The present research aims to evaluate the feasibility of planting mangrove Avicennia marina in the sedimentation ponds as a natural filter. The experiment was designed by excavating nine beach sedimentation ponds, each pond’s dimensions is 3.0 m length × 1.0 m width × 0.75 m depth. Sedimentation ponds will be divided into three groups (treatments), each group consisting of three ponds (replicates). The first treatment will plant with a high density of mangrove seedlings (12 seedlings/m2). The second treatment will plant with a medium density of mangrove seedlings (6 seedlings/m2) while the third group remain sinks deposition only without mangrove cultivation (control). Results indicated that there were significant differences in the experimental treatment of drain water by mangrove ponds. As long as the number of trees was intensive, there were significant differences and results for certain elements such as zinc, nitrite, nitrate, phosphorus, sulfate, and alkali in water, cadmium, iron, and zinc in the roots. The results showed some more significant differences in the first treatment than the rest of the treatments, followed by the second treatment. This drainage green treatment can be applied as promising inexpensive treatment for sustainable coastal fish farming.