Introduce the CH Role Rotation Mechanism in the Multilayered Deterministic WSN Clustering to Achieve Long-Term Load Balancing

WSN clustering is a topology management mode which consists of grouping nodes into clusters according to a similarity criterion which is generally geographic proximity. This technique seeks to resolve several problems relating to the operation of WSNs, in particular high energy consumption and unbalanced load distribution. In this context, the multilayered deterministic WSN clustering was set up, and it aims at load balancing while reducing overall energy consumption. Admittedly, the technique envisaged allows to achieve an interesting level of load balancing between CHs over a single communication round, but the unbalanced distribution of loads between all the nodes of the network over several communication rounds is a problem which persists given that CHs consume more energy than member nodes. In this paper, we propose a CH role rotation mechanism in order to carry out long-term load balancing between all the nodes of the WSN. The simulations done have shown that the CH role rotation mechanism can considerably increase the lifetime of the clustered WSN without adversely affecting the quality of the service provided to the end user.