The Impact on Women’s Mental Health During Times of Pandemic

Introduction: The pandemic has brought many pressing issues to our attention: the specific psychological and psychiatric risks faced by women both as patients and as workers in the health sector. COVID-19 pandemic-related measures, such as prolonged periods of social isolation, unexpected employment disruptions, school closures, financial distress, and changes to routine, are having an unprecedented negative impact on women’s mental well-being. Objective: This review refers to articles and primary studies that reported on well-being, stress, depression, anxiety and sleep disturbance, which primarily focused on women. The overall objectives of this review are to discuss the common triggers of stress, anxiety and depression faced by women during the COVID-19 pandemic and summarize individual- and social-level interventions that can support the well-being of women during a pandemic. Some global results in brief: Women and young people had higher risks of psychiatric disorders and loneliness. Being employed and living with a partner were protective factors. Moreover, participants who have or had COVID-19-related symptoms were more likely to have psychiatric disorders. High levels of depression, anxiety scores, and PTSD symptoms are reported from many countries during the pandemic. Conclusion: From studies that have discussed potential interventions to support women with COVID-19-related stress, anxiety and mental health, the recommendations are as follows: Regular exercise is considered a protective factor for depression and anxiety. Time is considered a modifiable factor that improves anxiety level. Mental health services such as online resources, psychological assistance hotlines, and group activities for stress reduction and training programs to improve resiliency are considered potential strategies of support.