Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a remnant of the fetal circulation which is supposed to be shut with the first breaths of the newborn; however, it is not the case with 15–35% of the normal population [1], this sub-group of subjects is more exposed to ischemic stroke, mainly cryptogenic. The atrial septal aneurysm is another abnormality of IAS, defined as protrusion of more than 1 cm of the IAS in either atria; this abnormality is associated to PFO with more than 60% of cases [1].