Female Genital Mutilation

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is defined as the deliberate cutting or injuring of the female genitals without medical reason. It is a form of gender-based violence, deeply entrenched in gender inequality and is a violation of the human rights of women and girls. An estimated 200 million women and girls worldwide are living with the consequences of FGM. There are no health benefits, and the practice is associated with a range of physical and psychological complications. Female genital mutilation is a global public health concern and is an important healthcare challenge in countries such as the United Kingdom (UK) with large diaspora communities. The practice is illegal in at least 59 countries including the UK. This chapter provides an overview of the current evidence around FGM and how it affects perineal care.