Image Processing, Including Software Considerations for Medical 3D Printing

The workflow from medical images to a 3D anatomical model is complex and involves multiple steps, including image acquisition, segmentation, computer-aided design, print preparation, 3D printing, and model post-processing. Once the medical image is obtained, the relevant anatomical structures are segmented by trained professionals using specialized software. This segmented volume is then converted into a surface mesh that can be interpreted for 3D printing. The surface mesh is cleaned up, smoothed, and made monolithic for 3D printing. Depending on the 3D printing technology, additional steps such as the addition of vent holes might be essential to ensure successful 3D printing. Prior to 3D printing, a quality check overseen by a trained professional such as a radiologist is essential to ensure anatomical accuracy. Software plays a critical role in the complex medical 3D printing workflow, from medical image to final 3D model.