Organization of the Structure of Composite Construction Materials and the Impact on the Characteristics of Concrete

The organization of the structure of composite construction materials at the micro- and macrolevels and the impact of the structure on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete mixtures were presented. It was established that the structure of materials depends on the initial composition and the conditions for processing raw materials into the final product. It was established that the resulting incipient crack is an intercluster interface that can develop. The introduction of aggregates and the formation of mixed cluster structures can contribute to the early appearance of incipient cracks and restrain their width, total number, and ability to grow. It was established that at the level of structural inhomogeneity, a crack develops stepwise with a microtortuous trajectory along the intercluster interfaces. The formation of internal interfaces between the matrix material and inclusions was determined by the nature of the adhesive and cohesive bond forces at the interfaces, the shrinkage method, and the number of inclusions. A purposeful change in these parameters will make it possible to predict damage to the macrostructure of composite construction materials by hereditary defects. Technological damage’s effect on composite construction materials’ properties and operational reliability was also presented. The work aims to describe the organization of the structure of composite building materials at the micro- and macro levels, establish the causes of crack initiation, and describe the effect of technological damage on concrete’s physical and mechanical properties.