Endovenous Ablation Techniques

CVD is a very common condition and have been the subject of a recent proliferation of treatment modalities. Traditional surgical procedures (crossectomy and stripping) are now being replaced to a greater or lesser extent by new less invasive endovenous methods but the advent of the endovenous treatment era has led to a confusing array of different modalities of treatment. In experienced hands, all endovenous techniques are safe and effective, with long-term results comparable to conventional surgical procedures. There are two big categories of endovenous techniques: thermal and tumescent (RFA, Laser, steam) and non-thermal and non-tumescent (Glu, MOCA, Foam). Indications, contraindications, and general recommendations are discussed to better understand safety and efficacy of the techniques but also results at the early and long-term follow up.