Rescue of Proximal Failure of Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair with Standard and Fenestrated Grafts
摘要
Proximal failure after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) resulting in a type Ia endoleak is associated with elevated sac pressure and a high risk of rupture. Treatment is therefore mandatory. There are a variety of options including proximal cuff extension, chimney EVAR, embolization, endostaples, fenestrated EVAR, branched EVAR, or combinations. The aim of this chapter is to outline the different treatment options, focusing on decision making for the different techniques and the endovascular toolkit for each technique.