Robotics and Endovascular Surgery: Current Status

Endovascular surgery has revolutionised the surgical management of cardiovascular disease. Robotically remote-controlled endovascular catheters have been the latest innovation in endovascular surgery. This technology has the potential to improve precision, technical success and surgical outcomes, whilst simultaneously reducing radiation risks to patients and surgeons. This chapter examines the current robotic technologies available for endovascular practice, including steerable catheters. Commercially available robotic systems are explored, including their applications, advantages and limitations. Research focused on improving current robotic technology is also evaluated, including the development of haptic feedback, use of commercial catheters and development of an authentic master controller. Novel robotic technologies and imaging are also assessed. Finally, the challenges of further developing technologies, training and assessment, and cost effectiveness are evaluated. Robotic technologies and techniques hold great promise for the further advancement of endovascular practice. Technical advantages must be cost effective and practical in order to scale and assimilate into widespread daily practice, and must come together with robust and transparent evaluation strategies. Specific approaches to training and assessment must also develop in tandem with these new technologies.