Study on the Spatial and Temporal Changes of Urban Development and Greenness in Shaoxing Urban Area in Recent 30 Years

The urbanization process has a great influence on the land cover types and the greenness of cities. Based on the data of Landsat images and land cover types in the main urban area of Shaoxing from 1990 to 2020, this paper studies the spatial and temporal changes in urban development and greenness in the main urban area of Shaoxing by calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), land cover types and their changes. The result shows that, from 1990 to 2020, the greatest change area of land cover types in the main urban area of Shaoxing was from cropland to impervious, about 417.2 km2; The change of NDVI in the main urban area of Shaoxing was mainly reflected in the northern area, especially in the northwest urban areas, with a large decline of 0.2–0.6. While the area of the impervious surface increased significantly, NDVI decreased the most, and the correlation coefficient between them was −0.91, showing a good negative correlation. In conclusion, urban expansion has a negative effect on urban greenness, but there are obvious differences among different regions. Therefore, this study has reference value for the coordinated development of urban expansion and vegetation ecology.