Analysis of Potential Geological Environment Issues and Groundwater Resources in an Emergency Groundwater Source Area, Northern China

The formation of groundwater depression cone caused by excessive exploitation of groundwater is a typical geological environment issue. In this study, the formation of a groundwater depression cone, a common geological environment problem, was evaluated by combining analysis and numerical simulation. The results show that the groundwater natural resource reserve in typical emergency groundwater source areas in northern Weifang are approximately 444.72 × 104 m3. When the golden section method is used to calculate and estimate the maximum resources for urban emergency water supply, it can meet the city's needs for 29–35 days. According to the groundwater numerical model, a small-scale depression zone will form after 30 days of emergency water supply. After 30 days of exploiting, the groundwater depth near the water source area will drop by several meters, but it will have little impact on the flow field of the entire area, indicating that the water source area has emergency water supply capacity under the above emergency plan. The findings provide theoretical and technical support for prevention and control of regional environmental geological issues.