A Review on In Situ Remediation of NAPLs Contaminated Soil: Methods and Development Prospects

Soil organic pollution is a prevalent problem all over the world, and it is also the key and difficult point of soil pollution control. Surfactant-enhanced remediation is an effective and widely accepted method for soil organic pollution remediation. However, as the soil environment is a complex multi-media environment, the molecular mechanism of surfactant-enhanced remediation remains unclear, leading to problems such as trailing, rebounding, or even pollution spreading in the remediation process. In this paper, the research progress of surfactant-enhanced remediation of soil pollution was summarized, and various kinds of surfactant used in former researches were analyzed. Finally, the existing problems in this research field were pointed out, and two feasible research directions were proposed: (1) Combining surfactant-enhanced soil remediation with other in-situ remediation methods; (2) Studying the Supramolecular mechanism of which the surfactant promoting dissolution of organic pollutants.