Heat and Mass Transfer of Carbon Nanotubes with Marangoni Convection in the Porous Medium with the Presence of Heat Source/Sink and Chemical Reaction

An analytical technique is employed to study the heat and mass transfer properties of kerosene, water, and engine oil-based carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with single and multi-wall CNTs with the imposed Marangoni boundary conditions, coupled with radiation, heat sink/source, and chemical reaction. The dimensional flow problem is modeled into a set of PDEs. These leading PDEs are reduced to a set of nonlinear ODEs using appropriate similarities. An analytical solution is obtained for the system of ODEs. The thermal and concentration equations are solved using Kummer’s confluent hypergeometric functions by employing suitable substitution. Numerous parameters, including suction/injection, Marangoni number, inverse Darcy number, Prandtl number Pr, radiation parameter, Schmidt number, heat source sink parameter, and chemical reaction parameter ,are discussed and presented in graphical forms. The analysis revealed that more induced flows are being produced due to the increasing Marangoni convection, and as a result, the velocities of the flow also increase. With increasing radiation parameter values, the thermal or chemical boundary layer becomes thicker.