Linear Model for Two-Layer Porous Bed Suspended with Nano-Sized Particles

Two not-miscible fluid flows are materialized in science and technology. The combined convection of two immiscible fluids in a square conduit is reviewed. The nanofluid and pure viscous fluid, which are not mixing, are conferred. Both the layers are saturated with porous matrix having different permeabilities. Finite difference approach is utilized to find the solutions of conservation equations along with suitable boundary and interface conditions. Interfacial stress and heat flux situations are encountered at the intersection of immiscible liquid layers. It is noticed that the momentum is reduced by improving the viscosity ratio, solid volume fraction, and conductivity ratio. The energy transfer is not altered significantly by any of the dimensionless numbers. The optimal flow is attained by dropping copper nanoparticles into the mineral oil-ethylene glycol mixture.