Impact of Nanofertilizers for the Mitigation of Multiple Environmental Stresses

The global farming system has been detrimentally influenced by environmental transformations in recent years, leading to dilemmas with plant growth, physiology, and output due to changes in nonliving factors. These consequences have grown to be a serious danger to global food security and agricultural development, necessitating creative measures for long-term viability. By utilizing nanoscale goods like nanofertilizers, nanofungicides, nanoherbicides, and nanopesticides, nanotechnology has emerged as a helpful strategy for overcoming these challenges. Nanoparticles are particularly useful in agriculture due to their ability to easily traverse cellular barriers, small size, and efficient uptake by plants. Numerous studies have shown that nanoparticle applications can increase both the quality and quantity of harvests, even under various biotic and abiotic stresses. This paper examines the various abiotic stresses that plants face and how nanoparticles can help combat them. It also looks at the molecular, metabolic, and anatomical modifications that plants go through in order to adapt to challenging environments. However, it has been mentioned that there may be environmental and human health dangers related to the extensive usage of nanotechnology.