Review on Water Automatic Teller Machine (Water ATM) Technologies

The emergence of water ATM technology and its socioeconomic advantages are discussed in this chapter. Water ATMs are automatic dispensers that provide purified, drinkable liquid water at the customer’s request with minimal or no human interaction. It’s critical to enhance the quantity of potable water with the least amount of effort, expense, time, and technology. Three different types of water ATM systems are now present worldwide. These are coin and/or note-based ATMs, smart card-operated, and smart card and IoT-based systems. Smart card-based operating systems are those which can use smart cards and/or cash methods, but they are self-monitored systems. A smart card and IOT-based system Modules are integerated into the water dispenser machine to achieve an efficient payment method approach and real-time monitoring, respectively. Most ATMs are developed from components like microcontrollers, NFC and RFID smart cards, coin modules, LCD displays, solenoids, pumps, and water tankers. The socioeconomic benefits with respect to accessibility of quality water and possible technological advancements together with the cost of services are detailed to show the importance of the ATMs as the best alternative to the existing pure water supply methods.