Transition Metal Oxide-Based Nanomaterials for Advanced Energy Storage

With the improvement of the global economy, one of the greatest challenges in the world is to provide energyEnergy requirements, which are exponentially rising and is projected to triple at the end of the century. Therefore, the improvement of renewable energyEnergy sources and electrochemical energy storageEnergy storage systems is essential. Fuel cellsFuel cells, rechargeable supercapacitorsSuper capacitor, and lithium-ion batteriesBatteries are three intriguing contenders in the field of energyEnergy and power densities with long life spans, lightweight, and eco-friendly. The most promising materials for such devices with high performance or high conversion efficiency are transition metal oxideTransition Metal Oxide (TMO)-based nanomaterials because of their distinctive properties like environmental friendliness, innovative size effects, improved kinetics, greatly enhanced conductivity, activity, excellent redox properties, electrochemical stability, high specific power, and sustainability. TMO-based nanomaterials as electrode materials typically exhibit exceptional capacitance and very high energy densitiesEnergy density. Due to distinctive configurations of d electron, the synergistic effect of multi-metal atoms, low cost, and outstanding electrochemical stability nature of TMO-based nanomaterials, the energy storageEnergy storage mechanism of electrochemical supercapacitorsSuper capacitor, batteriesBatteries, and fuel cellsFuel cells can be enhanced significantly. However, the current issues and potential future of TMO-based nanomaterials in energyEnergy conversion and storage applicationsApplications depend on our ability to comprehend the innovative synthesis, applicationApplications performance, and catalytic mechanism of these nanomaterials. In this chapter, TMO-based nanomaterials such as NiO, SnO2 RuO2, MnO2, V2O5, Co3O4, Mn3O4, TiO2–V2O5, and NiMn2O4, etc., and their morphological and electrochemical properties will be studied extensively. Detailed descriptions of energy storageEnergy storage mechanisms and key concepts will be provided in order to fully grasp the promising impact of metal oxidesMetal Oxide in energy storageEnergy storage devices. This chapter aims to highlight the synthesis, characteristics, applicationsApplications as well as the recent development, accomplishments, flaws, challenges, potential solutions, and future aspects of TMO-based nanomaterials in advanced energy storage systemsAdvanced energy storage system such as rechargeable supercapacitorsSuper capacitor, lithium-ion batteriesBatteries (LIBs), PV cells, and so on. In particular, new advancements in the synthesis of TMO-based nanomaterials and their uses in energy storageEnergy storage and conversion will be discussed.