Minority populations face a significantly increased risk of vision and hearing impairments due to complex, intersecting factors. These disparities are largely driven by social determinants of health, including limited access to care, lower socioeconomic status, occupational hazards, discrimination, and environmental conditions. Sensory impairments—defined here as vision and hearing impairments—are highly prevalent worldwide and profoundly affect communication, education, employment, mobility, and quality of life. While the global burden of these impairments rises with age, they are not inevitable and are often preventable or treatable with timely intervention. Minority groups often lack access to essential services and assistive devices due to systemic barriers such as lower insurance coverage, linguistic and cultural differences, and provider discrimination. Structural inequities restrict access to specialists like ophthalmologists and audiologists, especially for patients reliant on publicly funded insurance. Occupational exposures also contribute disproportionately to sensory impairments among minorities, who are more likely to work in hazardous environments without adequate protection. Infections, poor sanitation, nutritional deficiencies, and environmental toxins like lead also play significant roles, particularly in low-income and Indigenous communities. Cultural stigma, traditional beliefs, and lack of representation in the healthcare workforce further compound disparities by reducing treatment-seeking and adherence. International examples from the United States of America, Australia, Denmark, and Latin America demonstrate the global scale of these inequities and the role of migration, health disparities, and economic marginalization in shaping sensory health outcomes. To address these disparities, multifaceted efforts are needed: expanding access to care, improving occupational protections, enhancing rehabilitation and education resources, and promoting culturally competent care. Sensory health equity requires systemic policy changes, robust research, and community engagement. With integrated, inclusive approaches, societies can reduce the burden of preventable sensory impairment and ensure that all individuals—regardless of background—can fully participate in life.