Neuroplasticity, the brain’s striking capability to restructure itself by forming new neural connections, has become a pivotal concept in neuroscience and rehabilitation. This chapter explores how neuroplasticity can be harnessed for disability rehabilitation, providing both scientific insights and practical applications. By examining the brain’s capacity to adapt and recover following injury, this chapter underscores the transformative potential of neuroplasticity in restoring lost functions and enhancing the value of life for people with disabilities. It discusses various models of disability, including the medical, social, and biopsychosocial models, to provide a comprehensive understanding of how disabilities are perceived and managed. This chapter also delves into the mechanisms underlying neuroplastic changes and reviews current therapeutic approaches that leverage these mechanisms to facilitate recovery. Personalized rehabilitation strategies are emphasized, considering individual variability in neuroplastic responses. Moreover, this chapter highlights emerging technologies, such as brain-computer interfaces and virtual reality, that hold promise for enhancing neuroplasticity and improving rehabilitation outcomes. Finally, it addresses the broader implications of neuroplasticity-based rehabilitation, including ethical considerations, accessibility, and the need for further research to optimize the therapeutic potential of this dynamic brain property.