Mercury Exposure and Autistic Neurological Disability

The prevalence of autistic spectrum disease (ASD) is increasing worldwide, and so is the level of mercury (Hg) pollution level. Due to Hg’s established neurotoxic properties, extensive research is underway to investigate its potential association with ASD. Although inconclusive, historical evidence and epidemiological studies suggest that mercury may contribute to or act as a causative agent of ASD. In vitro and in vivo experiments also reveal neurotoxic behaviors and cause severe neuronal damage. At the molecular level, Hg causes neurotoxicity through several mechanisms mainly responsible for the normal functioning of neurons. Future research should focus on the specific mechanisms by which mercury exposure contributes to ASD.