A central feature of moral philosophy is speculating and offering suggestions on how we ought to live, what constitutes a good life and what motives our desires to live this way. A common suggestion to what constitutes a good life and how we ought to live is through the notion of “friendship.” For most human persons, life is enriched through an interdependent network of relationships which can range from long-term committed friendships to more purposeful relationships underpinned by common interests. Numerous moral philosophical theories suggest different, even competing, rationales on why human persons engage in “friendships.” This entry takes a virtue ethics approach to friendship that follows in the tradition of Aristotle and contemporary neo-Aristotelians who also refer to this form of friendship as “character friendship.” Accordingly in this approach, “friendships” are important for quality-of-life reasons and principally as a necessary element to living a fulfilled life. The consistent findings from disability studies in western nation states is that persons living with an intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) experience fewer friendships than other citizens. If we apply a neo-Aristotelian analysis lens to these “friendships,” we suggest that many of these “friendships” might more accurately be termed “personal relationships” which are often utility based and fungible. Indeed, there appears to be limited motivation and opportunities for person with IDD to create and sustain Aristotelian type “friendships.” Furthermore, these “personal relationships” will be described as best as friendliness relationships. Moreover, persons with IDD have limited opportunities to engage socially with persons of all abilities, genders and from diverse cultural backgrounds. This entry examines these myopic phenomena of friendship and explores what options might exist to change personal and community views.

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Friendship and Persons with an Intellectual Disability

  • David Treanor

摘要

A central feature of moral philosophy is speculating and offering suggestions on how we ought to live, what constitutes a good life and what motives our desires to live this way. A common suggestion to what constitutes a good life and how we ought to live is through the notion of “friendship.” For most human persons, life is enriched through an interdependent network of relationships which can range from long-term committed friendships to more purposeful relationships underpinned by common interests. Numerous moral philosophical theories suggest different, even competing, rationales on why human persons engage in “friendships.” This entry takes a virtue ethics approach to friendship that follows in the tradition of Aristotle and contemporary neo-Aristotelians who also refer to this form of friendship as “character friendship.” Accordingly in this approach, “friendships” are important for quality-of-life reasons and principally as a necessary element to living a fulfilled life. The consistent findings from disability studies in western nation states is that persons living with an intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) experience fewer friendships than other citizens. If we apply a neo-Aristotelian analysis lens to these “friendships,” we suggest that many of these “friendships” might more accurately be termed “personal relationships” which are often utility based and fungible. Indeed, there appears to be limited motivation and opportunities for person with IDD to create and sustain Aristotelian type “friendships.” Furthermore, these “personal relationships” will be described as best as friendliness relationships. Moreover, persons with IDD have limited opportunities to engage socially with persons of all abilities, genders and from diverse cultural backgrounds. This entry examines these myopic phenomena of friendship and explores what options might exist to change personal and community views.