Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a rare disease with multisystem manifestations that include benign tumors of the heart, kidneys, lungs, skin, and brain. Its etiological origin is a mutation in either one of two genes: TSC1 (9q34) or TSC2 (16p13.3), and the incidence is estimated at 1 in 6000 newborns. About 90% of TSC patients experience epilepsy, neurological and neuropsychiatric abnormalities, which represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. TSC presents a complex set of challenges, both medical and social, for patients and caregivers. This chapter explores the multifaceted nature of TSC, delving into its clinical manifestations, genetic underpinnings, and the myriad difficulties encountered by those affected. From neurological manifestations, like seizures and cognitive impairments, to the diverse array of physical symptoms TSC imposes a significant burden on individuals and their families. Furthermore, this chapter discusses investigations about the evolving landscape of TSC management, including pharmacological interventions, surgical approaches, and emerging therapies, such as mTOR inhibitors. While these treatments offer promise, they also bring forth a host of considerations regarding efficacy, tolerability, and long-term outcomes. In addition to medical interventions, there is emphasis on the importance of holistic care and support networks for individuals with TSC. Addressing the psychosocial impacts, educational needs, and employment opportunities is crucial in enhancing the quality of life for those affected by TSC. Ultimately, this encyclopedia entry underscores the necessity of a comprehensive approach to tackling TSC, one that integrates medical advancements with patient empowerment and community support. By fostering understanding, advocating for research, and promoting inclusive care, we can strive towards empowering solutions that improve outcomes and well-being for individuals living with TSC.